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Country Profile - Tonga

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The Kingdom of Tonga is an archipelago consisting of four clusters of islands. Encircled by fringing reefs, most of the islands in Tonga originate from coralline. The majority of these islands are comparatively flat except for those raised by tectonic action. Consequently, the multiple effects of climate change pose a significant threat to the islands of Tonga. Some of Tonga’s adaptation projects include: public awareness programmes, coastal revegetation, coastal protection, expansion of water collection systems and agroforestry.

Key Vulnerabilities

Agriculture/Food Security
Coastal Zones and Marine Ecosystems
Water Resources
Public Health
Fisheries

Potential Adaptation Measures

Agriculture and Food Security

Educational & outreach activities to change management practices to those suited to climate change
Switch to different cultivars
Agricultural research and transfer of technology
Improve pest and disease forecast and control

Water Resources

Increase water supply, e.g. by using groundwater, building reservoirs, improving or stabilizing watershed management, desalination
Decrease water demands, e.g. by increasing efficiency, reducing water losses, water recycling, changing irrigation practices
Reduce water pollution
Improve or develop water management
Alter system operating rules, e.g. pricing policies, legislation

Coastal Zones and Marine Ecosystems