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ALM Case Study 2011 - Zimbabwe: Coping with Drought and Climate Change
Submitted by Anonymous on Wed, 2011-11-02 04:40
Summary:
Long known as the breadbasket of Africa, Zimbabwe has for the last 30 years experienced dramatic losses in agricultural production resulting in critical food and fuel shortages. Coupled with the economic and political constraints, drought and climate change are testing the limits of agricultural production in Zimbabwe. In rural Zimbabwe, and specifically in the pilot project area Chiredzi district, drought is becoming an increasingly common occurrence. With approximately 70% of Zimbabwe’s population deriving their livelihoods from subsistence agriculture and other rural activities, the most noticeable effects of these droughts are the devastating impacts on household food security and the livelihoods of the poor. In response, and as part of a set of three other regional Coping with Drought and Climate Change (CwDCC) projects in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Mozambique, this project is supporting effective adaptation among subsistence farmers in six locations in Chiredze District.
Adaptation Experience:
The project, Coping with Drought and Climate Change in Zimbabwe, is working to enhance the capacity of agricultural and pastoral communities in Zimbabwe to adapt to climate variability and change. The primary project objective is to demonstrate and promote adoption of a range of gender-sensitive approaches for adaptation to climate change among rural communities currently engaged in agriculture in vulnerable areas of the Chiredzi.
Results and Learning:
Refer to the attached UNDP-ALM Case Study for detailed information.
Sustainability:
This project has established implementation partnerships with government departments. Sustainability of the project, and the buy in and acceptability of the project outcomes has been evidenced by their incorporation in other programmes/projects. Outcomes on improving livelihoods are largely taken up by a number of NGOs. Climate risk management is being embraced by government and NGOs. Of those NGOs that have embraced climate risk management, the focus has been on livelihoods diversification, small scale irrigation development and conservation agriculture.
Replication:
The optimized crop pilots through this initiative have the potential to benefit about 6,600 households in Chiredzi district, and many thousands more households at the national level. Replication of livestock interventions has potential to benefit more than 60% of the 12,400 households in Chiredzi District whose vulnerability to drought and climate change is exacerbated by their current lack of access to animal drawn draught power. Indirect benefits through improvement in wildlife management have the potential to benefit an additional 1000 households in the Chiredzi district.The project is encouraging replication of optimized crop production through Farmer Field schools (FFS). FFS is a group-based learning process that has been used by a number of governments, NGOs and international agencies to promote Integrated Pest Management. FFS are being used in the project as a learning platform for farmers to increase learning and improve production strategies on the ground. Exchange visits for neighboring farmers, public awareness campaigns and tours by policy makers are some of the tools planned to encourage replication of best practices.Barriers to replication of the adaptation measures include credit and input bottlenecks which results in farmers resorting to their own traditional varieties of grains despite poor performance, and the lack of supportive policies and institutions.
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Funding Source:
Climate Resilient Pasture and Livestock Management in Zhangeldy Village
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Project details
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Program:
Implementing Agency:
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)Implementing Agency and Partnering Organizations:
UNDP, Zhuldyz - ZhankelSummary:
Zhangely is a typical village in the South Kazakhstan Oblast, the most densely populated in the country. Climate is extremely continental and dry, with long winters and hot summers. During the Soviet era, the village specialized in cotton production, though now the village is reliant on cattle production on soils degraded from years of monocrop agricultural production. Long-term climate change projections for Kazakhstan and Central Asia include increasing temperatures, especially in winter, as well as increasing levels of evapotranspiration in summer.
Project Components:
The UNDP CBA project will pilot a new pasture management systems designed to be sustainable in the face of climate change, including pasture demarcation and rotation, and introduction of better-adapted cattle breeds. The project will also conduct assessments to determine sustainable pasture management strategies incorporating climate change factors, and build the capacity of community and local government to carry out the new practices.
Expected Outputs:
The outputs include: 1.) Division of community pastures into fenced zones and prepared for grazing rotation; 2.) Development of waterpoints and associated facilities for enclosed pastures (electricity, shelters); 3.) Determination of environmentally permissible loads for the enclosed pasture in line with the climate change projections; 4.) Piloting the new grazing strategy with the local community; 5.) Reduction of vulnerability of the local members to the climate change risks by replacing the low-productivity cattle by area-specific high-productivity breeds; 6.) Development of local communities' capacity of integrating climate-related risks into pasture management through education and training; 7.) Publication of a booklet; and 8.) dissemination of project experiences in the region for replication by other communities.
Contacts:
Mr. Charles Nyandiga, Global Project Coordinator UNDP Environmental and Energy Group (646) 781 4390 Charles.Nyandiga@undp.org
Ms. Anna Lisa Jose, CBA Programme Associate, UNDP Environmental and Energy Group (646) 781 4402 annalisa.jose@undpaffiliates.org
Ms. Katerina Yushenko,National Coordinator UNDP GEF Small Grants Programme +7 3272 582646 / 582643 Katerina.Yushenko@undp.org
Mr. Nick Remple, Senior Technical Advisor, UNDP Environmental and Energy Group,
Project Status:
Completed on September 2011Primary Beneficiaries:
Local communities of Zhangeldy Village
UNDP/GEF supported CBA Community Based Adaptation Project Pilot Sites: Onamulunga School Garden Project
Submitted by andrea on Mon, 2011-09-26 07:09
Project:
Summary:
The Community-Based Adaptation Programme (CBA) is a five-year United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) global initiative funded by the Global Environmental Facility (GEF). UNDP works with a number of partners including the United Nations Volunteers and the GEF Small Grants Programme (SGP). Initial CBA investments have been made in 20 communities in the northern parts of Namibia (i.e. Omusati, Oshana, Ohangwena, Oshikoto and Kavango Regions). Climate models suggest that these areas are particularly vulnerable and face significant climate change risks, both at present and in future. To facilitate uptake of CBA strategies the Onamulunga Combined School project is focused on integrating adaptation to climate change into school curriculum. The pilot programme at Onamulunga Combined School in the Oshikoto region involves training grade 9 and 10students in adaptation farming methods such as conservation tilling, water harvesting, and micro-drip irrigation and planting drought resistant crops. These methods are subsequently taken up by the students’ native communities. This project directly contributes towards Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 2 and 7 and, through a special focus on the inclusion of young women and girls, to MDG 3.The project also indirectly contributes to the realization of other MDGs.
Adaptation Experience:
There are various Community Based Adaptation projects in Namibia. The particular project discussed here is implemented by an NGO called Creative Entrepreneurs Solutions (CES) that applies CBA measures through self-help groups. At the Onamulunga Combined School in the Oshikoto region, grade 9 and 10 students receive practical lessons in how to implement improved farming methods for a future affected by climate change.
Results and Learning:
According to a recent field visit by an independent assessor, the Onamulunga Garden project has achieved many of the intended results. Various sites at the school have been prepared for crop agriculture using the latest conservation tilling methods for dry land crops and micro-drip irrigation for vegetables. The project coordinator is Agriculture and Life Science teacher, Johannes Nelongo, who has provided inspirational leadership for 87 grade 9 and 10 students to put the theory they learn in the classroom in practice in the field, growing maize, sunflowers, cow peas, spinach, carrots, onions and other vegetables.They apply conservation furrowing and ripping, water saving techniques, mulching, application of organic and chemical fertilising, crop rotation and alternative growing methods. As such, the project provides learners with practical adaptation techniques. “Practical exercises make it easier for learners to interpret theoretical information. It thus gives them wisdom and insight and teaches them how to apply these methods at home,” says Nelongo.[Refer to the attached document for further details.]
Sustainability:
The project has built adaptive capacity for almost ninety learners, with the intention that they take these skills forward and apply them in the decades to come. Already a multiplier effect is noticeable in the children and teachers’ home communities. The project focuses on establishing a strong foundation for the application of adaptation mechanisms in farming practices rather than creating dependency through aid. “Because the programme demonstrates tangible benefits for the communities involved, it is sustainable,” says Marie Johansson from CES. “It will continue even if donor support stops tomorrow. It is important to start with educating kids. Young people, especially girls, pick the skills up quickly. From there on it is easier to integrate the community. Later on, many kids will migrate to urban areas and unfortunately fall in the trap of unemployment. But with the skills they learn here, there is an alternative way to make a living off the two hectares or so near their homestead. In this way even small farmers can become commercial farmers.”
Replication:
The project has been so successful that it has grabbed the attention of other schools. Four nearby schools are interested and have been invited to participate. As such, Onamulunga can become a centre of learning for the community. This is compounded by the multiplier effect already mentioned, with children introducing the new methods to their parents and villagers coming to the school to see the improved cropping system with their own eyes. “As a school we need to involve communities and share the skills and knowledge that we have,” says Onamulunga principal Immanuel Namupolo. “Now the community helps us to look after the project when the school is closed. We also give parents our surplus maize, so they can sell it. In doing so, the project reaches out to parents. We give them a role to play, so that they are involved in the process of adaptation.”The experiment teaches children to adapt to a situation where fertile land and water are becoming increasingly scarce resources. But the initiative also has a wider effect within the surrounding communities, with children applying their newly acquired skills in the household farm setting. Enthused by the Onamulunga success story, parents and teachers have also started their own gardens. “The proceeds from the garden save people a lot of money. Sometimes you don’t even have to go to the market for a whole month,” one teacher remarks.
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Funding Source:
Onamulunga School Garden Project
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Project details
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Program:
Implementing Agency and Partnering Organizations:
Onamulunga Combined School; Creative Entrepreneurs Solutions (CES). Other stakeholders include: the Ministry of Environment and Tourism, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Fisheries, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Namibia Agronomic Board, GEF through its Strategic Priority on Adaptation (SPA) programme, UNDP; Small Grants Programme and all its delivery partners.Summary:
The Community-Based Adaptation Programme (CBA) is a five-year United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) global initiative funded by the Global Environmental Facility (GEF). UNDP works with a number of partners including the United Nations Volunteers and the GEF Small Grants Programme (SGP). Initial CBA investments have been made in 20 communities in the northern parts of Namibia (i.e. Omusati, Oshana, Ohangwena, Oshikoto and Kavango Regions). Climate models suggest that these areas are particularly vulnerable and face significant climate change risks, both at present and in future.
Project Components:
There are various Community Based Adaptation projects in Namibia. The particular project discussed here is implemented by an NGO called Creative Entrepreneurs Solutions (CES) that applies CBA measures through self-help groups. At the Onamulunga Combined School in the Oshikoto region, grade 9 and 10 students receive practical lessons in how to implement improved farming methods for a future affected by climate change. Through equipping the students with relevant agricultural adaptation skills, the pilot programme is designed to sow the seeds for uptake and wider spread of adaptation measures throughout the community.
Expected Outputs:
- Outcome 1: Enhanced adaptive capacity allows communities to reduce their vulnerability to adverse impacts of future climate hazards.
- Outcome 2: National policies and programmes promote replication of best practices derived from CBA projects.
- Outcome 3: Cooperation among member countries promotes innovation in adaptation to climate change including variability.
Contacts:
SGP-CBA: Contact Nickey //Gaseb
E-mail: NickeyG@unops.orgCES: Contact Marie Johansson
E-mail: info@ces.org.naOnamulunga Combined School: Mr. Nelongo: +264 81 69 66700
AAP-NAM: Contact Ernst Mbangula
Email: embangula@met.na
Project Status:
Under ImplementationPrimary Beneficiaries:
Major stakeholders are: the Onamulunga Combined School; Creative Entrepreneurs Solutions (CES). Primary beneficiaries are the grade 9 and 10 students, their families and the communities living within the pilot areas, as well as other schools in the wider area.
Energy Efficiency Strategy to Mitigate Greenhouse Gas Emissions
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Project details
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Implementing Agency:
UNDPImplementing Agency and Partnering Organizations:
EnEffect, Bulgarian government, City of GabrovoSummary:
This project was intended to introduce practices at the municipality level that overcome barriers to improved energy efficiency and reduced emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and other environmental pollutants.
Project Components:
- Establishment of a formal Municipal Energy Efficiency Network (MEEN) to support the incorporation of energy efficiency programmes into public policy and municipal strategies.
- Implementation of seven demonstration projects (a hospital, school, residential building, industrial building, administrative building, street lighting system, power plant) from which other municipalities were able to learn and design similar projects.
- Establishment of thirty-nine Energy Efficiency Offices (EEOs).
- Training seminars and education programmes established for municipal employees and local businesses to address key issues and barriers to energy efficiency (as identified by EEO review).
- Installation of energy-efficient streetlights (including review of legal framework in relation to street lighting).
- Establishment of an information system on energy consumption in municipalities to assist municipalities in monitoring their energy consumption.
- Completion of forty energy efficient retrofit projects (including street lighting, one hospital and several schools).
- Knowledge and information sharing of the retrofit project processes and results, including training sessions for municipal employees and the establishment or regional knowledge-sharing networks.
- Identification of new demonstration zones in other MEEN municipalities.
- Incorporation of energy efficiency techniques into public and municipal programmes.
- Establishment of seminars, workshops and annual conferences to encourage knowledge sharing and on-going capacity building.
Expected Outputs:
- 15,720 tons of CO2 emissions saved annually.
- 156 municipalities participate in MEEN EcoEnergy (representing 68% of the Bulgarian population).
- Established integration of MEEN initiatives into national and municipal policies and strategies.
- Demonstration projects in Gabrovo led to 37 other municipalities developing similar efficiency programmes.
- 39 operational efficiency offices for on-going evaluation, monitoring and capacity-building programmes.
- 18 municipalities have adopted street lighting renovation projects.
- Information system established and operational in 39 municipalities - a further 64 municipalities have received training on the system.
- Training sessions for municipal experts have resulted in the development of 25 new building retrofit projects.
- 23 trainers have been trained through local programmes.
- Local petty crime (graffiti, vandalism) and accidents reported to have dropped due to increased pride in environment and improved street lighting.
- More than 1,000 people have participated in EcoEnergy conferences, seminars and workshops.
Project Status:
Complete
Synthesis Report on “Effectiveness of Community-based Adaptation to Climate Change”
Submitted by andrea on Tue, 2011-02-08 20:01
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City:
Pages:
Summary:
“Effectiveness of Community-based Adaptation to Climate Change” was the theme of the third bi-monthly Knowledge Sharing & Learning Seminar of the Adaptation Knowledge Platform, organized in collaboration with the Asia Pacific Adaptation Network, CARE International, Plan International, Climate Change Knowledge Management Center, Thailand, and USAID, Thailand.
The event aimed at providing an opportunity for knowledge and information-sharing on Community-based Adaptation (CBA) planning and processes, by showcasing select CBA tools, and setting priorities for future CBA research, and pa
The African Drought Risk and Development Network Newsletter
Submitted by andrea on Tue, 2011-02-08 19:40Year:
Pages:
Summary:
The African Drought Risk and Development Network (ADDN) is a region-wide network for advocacy, capacity building and peer learning. It was initiated by the United Nations Development Programme Drylands Development Centre (UNDP-DDC) and UN’s International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR) in 2005 with the aim to promote applied discussion and policy dialogue on key issues linking drought risk and development in Africa.
Funding Source:
Building capacity and raising awareness for a sensitive community on climate change adaptation in Rwanda (NBDF).
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Project details
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Implementing Agency and Partnering Organizations:
The Nile Basin Discourse Forum (NBDF) in Rwanda is an Umbrella organization of 30 civil society organizations (local and international organizations) dealing with water, environment and developmentSummary:
The CC DARE team conducted an inception mission to Rwanda, jointly with UNDP, the Least Developed Countries Adaptation Fund (LDCF) and the Africa Adaptation Programme for Climate change (AAP), from 4th to 9th July 2009. The objectives of the mission were to increase awareness of the CC DARE programme among main stakeholders involved in climate change adaptation in Rwanda and coordinate efforts with similar initiatives.
Project Components:
Overall Goal: Enhance capacity and raise awareness of a large percentage of the population of Rwanda that will influence their perception and participation in the implementation of climate change in the country. civil society organizations and communities on climate change adaptation by reducing vulnerability in Rwanda
Expected Outputs:
1. To build capacity of the general public, journalists and civil society Organizations on climate change adaptation 2. To provide adequate information by producing and disseminating awareness materials on climate change adaptation
3. Document and disseminate best practices of climate change adaptation and vulnerability reduction
Contacts:
Principal Actors:
UNFCCC National Climate Change Focal Point:
Sebastien Dusabeyezu, dusabeseba@yahoo.frCC DARE anchor persons for Rwanda:
Peter Paap, peterpaap@hotmail.comPolicy Advisor Climate Change & Development Programme, UNDP United Nations Office in Nairobi: Johnson Nkem, johnson.nkem@undp.org
UNEP Focal Point: Bubu Jallow, Bubu.jallow@unep.org
UNDP Focal Point: Pradeep Kurukulasuriya, pradeep.kurukulasuriya@undp.org
UNEP Risoe Centre Focal Point: Anne Olhoff, olho@risoe.dtu.dk
Project Status:
Completed
TT-Pilot (GEF-4): Renewable CO2 Capture and Storage from Sugar Fermentation Industry in Sao Paulo State
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Project details
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Implementing Agency:
UNDPImplementing Agency and Partnering Organizations:
Brazil Ministry of Science and TechnologySummary:
Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) is considered as a very promising potential technology to mitigate climate change, it involves the separation of CO2 from industrial and energy-related sources, transport to a storage location and long-term isolation from the atmosphere. Most efforts carried out to date deal with CCS related to fossil fuel use and require large investments, even at the demonstration level. CCS is usually a complex process since carbon capture may involve chemical and physical processes and requires energy.
Project Components:
Component A: Establishment of Enabling Environment for RCCS Technology Transfer
Component B: RCCS Technology Demonstration
Component C: Capacity Building on RCCS Technology ApplicationExpected Outputs:
This project proposes the development of RCCS from CO2 emitted from sugar fermentation in a demonstration plant at a sugar/ethanol mill in Sao Paulo state. During fermentation, gaseous is released in 100% concentration and free of other gases (Nitrogen, CO) and impurities (e.g. sulphur, hydrocarbons, and acids) for underground storage. Thus, this project aims to store already clean CO2 emissions from sugar fermentation underground in available saline formations (see figure below showing storage prospectivity in the region of Sao Paulo).
Contacts:
John Hough
UNDP/GEF
Deputy Executive CoordinatorDiego Masera
Climate Change Regional Technical Advisor
diego.masera@undp.org
(507)302-4594Project Status:
PendingPrimary Beneficiaries:
Industry and workers
ALM Project Profile 2008 - Zimbabwe - Coping with Drought and Climate Change
Submitted by andrea on Mon, 2011-02-07 22:07Summary:
About 70% of Zimbabwe’s population derives its livelihood from subsistence agriculture and other rural activities, but these livelihoods are threatened by climate change. The agriculture sector’s reliance on seasonal, rain-fed cultivation makes the sector particularly vulnerable to climate variability and change. The country is prone to droughts, which have become more frequent over the last two decades with devastating impacts on food security, health, and environmental degradation. Diminishing water resources due to climate change is an additional stress on top of anthropogenic environmental destruction and mismanagement. Climate change is also expected to worsen the prevalence of malaria and increase the salinity of underground water supplies as recharge, which is already low, dwindles further. In many rural areas, such as the pilot site in the Chiredzi district of south-eastern Zimbabwe, residents are poor and dependent on agriculture for their livelihoods. In 1995, 46% of the District’s rural population was classified as either poor or very poor and this figure rose to 60% in 2005. Rain-fed agriculture, livestock production, and remittances are the main sources of livelihood in the District. In 2005, 60% of rural households in 13 Wards in Chiredzi were food insecure and food security for many rural households in the District worsened during the period from 1980 to 2004. During the same period, the long term average rainfall in Chiredzi District declined by about 15% and eight serious droughts were observed.
Adaptation Experience:
This five year project seeks to develop and pilot a range of long-term adaptation measures in the agriculture sector to reduce the vulnerability of small-holder farmers and pastoralists in rural Zimbabwe to current and future climate change related shocks. The primary focus of the project will be Chiredzi District in Masvingo province. The project has been designed around four outcomes to address the barriers hampering long-term adaptation to climate change in the agriculture sector in Zimbabwe with special reference to agro-pastoralists in the semi-arid regions of the country.
Results and Learning:
In 2008 it was too early to derive any results and learning from project.
Sustainability:
This project has established implementation partnerships with government departments. Sustainability of the project, and the buy in and acceptability of the project outcomes has been evidenced by their incorporation in other programmes/projects. Outcome on improving livelihoods largely taken up by a number of NGOs. Climate risk management being embraced by government and NGOs. A number of NGOs and Government departments have learned about the project through the Web and various outreach fora, workshops and meetings where information about the project was presented. Some NGOs have also invited the project to give a talk about climate change and adaptation with a view to embracing climate change in their programming. Of those NGOs that have embraced climate risk management, the focus has been on livelihoods diversification, small scale irrigation development and conservation agriculture.
Replication:
The optimised crop pilots through this initiative have the potential to benefit about 6,600 households in Chiredzi district, and many thousands more households at the national level. Replication of livestock interventions has potential to benefit more than 60% of the 12,400 households in Chiredze District whose vulnerability to drought and climate change is exacerbated by their current lack of access to animal drawn draught power. Indirect benefits through improvement wildlife management has the potential to benefit an additional 1000 households in the Chiredze district. The project is encouraging replication of optimized crop production through Farmer Field schools. The Farmer Field School (FFS) is a group-based learning process that has been used by a number of governments, NGOs and international agencies to promote Integrated Pest Management (IPM). Farmer field schools are being used in the project as a learning platform for farmers whereby they learn by seeing improved production strategies on the ground. Exchange visits will also be organized for farmers from neighbouring communities for learning purposes. Public awareness campaigns and tours by policy makers are some of the tools planned to encourage replication of best practices.
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