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arid zones
Addressing climate change risks to farming systems in Turkmenistan at national and community level
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Project details
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Summary:
Climate change is projected to have significant impacts on water resources in an already arid Turkmenistan. Water availability and supply are likely to suffer from increasing shortages due to elevated temperatures, overall climate aridification and competition for water arising from regional trans-boundary water issues. Turkmenistan‘s inherent aridity and reliance on agriculture as a source of both income and food renders the country particularly vulnerable to these climate change impacts.
Project Components:
- Policy and Institutional Capacity Strengthening
- Community-based adaptation initiatives
- Communal systems for water delivery
Source: Project Proposal, 2011
Expected Outputs:
- Institutional capacity strengthened to develop climate resilient water policies in agriculture
- Resilience to climate change enhanced in targeted communities through the introduction of community-based adaptation approaches
- Community-managed water delivery services introduced to benefit over 30,000 farmer and pastoralist communities in the three target agro-ecological zones.
Source: Project Proposal, 2011
Project Status:
Project Funded (Approval date: 2011-06-22
ALM Case Study 2010 - Kenya-Adaptation to Climate Change in Arid Lands (KACCAL)
Submitted by andrea on Mon, 2011-03-21 05:51
Summary:
Kenya’s geographic location makes it inherently prone to cyclical droughts and floods. Moreover, according to the Initial National Communication (INC), such types of cyclical climate-driven events will increase in intensity and frequency due to global climate change. Livelihoods and economic activities in Kenya’s are highly vulnerable to climatic fluctuations, with the districts of the Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALs) being among the most vulnerable to recurrent droughts, and to long-term climate change. The rural poor are the most vulnerable to the impacts of Kenya’s current climate variability. In response this project is supporting the people of Kenya, particularly the poor and vulnerable communities in the selected districts of the Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALs) to enhance their adaptive capacity to drought (and flood). Working in the pilot areas, this is being achieved through enhanced access to and management of water for irrigation, promotion of indigenous crops that more resilient to anticipated climate (and improved access to markets for these crops), and promoting livestock varieties that are more suited to the climate, development and promotion of alternative livelihood opportunities (such as beekeeping activities). Additionally the project is strengthening climate risks management skills of extension workers whose role is to support household and community based projects, and improving the flow and use of early warning and seasonal forecast information in community practices.
Adaptation Experience:
With the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) piloting the project in one district (Mwingi District), and the World Bank (WB) piloting in another three districts, the combined KACCAL activities total four districts.
Results and Learning:
Key lessons learned:
- Merge disaster risk management and climate change: At the governance and institutional level, the project focuses on strengthening the link between disaster risk management and climate change to ensure that development and operational planning, policy processes, and incentive systems address existing vulnerabilities, but also account for important climatic changes to avoid processes, which are maladaptive in medium to long-term. In this context, efforts will focus on supporting emerging development of partnerships and information sharing mechanisms, which bring together technical, development and policy perspectives and are essential for establishing a continuous economic framework for disaster and climate risk reduction.
- Ensure inclusion of the private sector in project preparation and implementation: While public sector support is important for strengthening climate risk management within development processes, the project recognizes that long-term sustainability can only be achieved through the inclusion of the private sector.
- Encourage individual initiative: Individual initiative should be encouraged. Building on the lessons learned in the Arid Lands Resource Management Program (ALMRP), where group ownership was emphasized (IGAs, social services) as well as group management approaches (drug dispensaries, water points). The pre-appraisal workshop highlighted the importance of fostering individual initiatives which are often seen as more sustainable.
- Conflict management is essential for development: The ALRMP was not designed to deal with conflict, but, by necessity, it had to strengthen community-based and other conflict management systems in order to carry out its development activities. Effective conflict management must involve the communities and build upon traditional institutions and structures. The proposed project will explicitly include activities to strengthen sustainable conflict management systems in the project area.
Sustainability:
The activities in the pilot district is designed to enhance the capacity of local institutions and stakeholders to integrate a longer time horizon into their planning, which should be sustainable beyond the implementation of the project’s investments. Tools and mechanisms will be developed for enhancing climate risk management that could be replicated to other districts.
Replication:
The lessons learned under the current project, in terms of planning enhancements, prioritisation of adaptation options, and improvements in institutional coordination, will help to create a basis for a much broader program of climate risk management. This is true of both scaling up the climate risk management efforts in rural livelihood enhancements in the ASALs (including by expanding from the pilot district to other districts covered by the current ALRMP2), as well as in other regions and sectors. There is, therefore, considerable scope for replication and scaling-up of successful experiences under this project. The strengthening of institutional coordination and the explicit attention for monitoring and evaluation and documentation of lessons learned will facilitate this replicability and scaling-up. In addition, the proposed project also includes provisions for periodic evaluations to inform other climate-affected investments in Kenya, as well as other adaptation initiatives in the region and beyond.
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Funding Source:
Global Network on Water and Development Information in Arid lands (G-WADI)
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Project details
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Implementing Agency and Partnering Organizations:
UNESCO, FAO, WMO, SAHRA, IAEA, OSS, IAH, ESA, IRD, DFIDSummary:
Following a decision at the 15th session of the The International Hydrological Programme (IHP) and a subsequent meeting of international experts in December 2002, UNESCO supported the establishment of a Global Network on Water Resources Management in Arid and Semi-arid Zones by bringing together an international group of experts to develop the concept, objectives, and an outline of the Network.
Project Components:
G-WADI's mission is to strengthen the capacity to manage the water resources of arid and semi-arid areas around the globe through a network of international and regional cooperation.
Expected Outputs:
G-WADI aims to strengthen the global capacity to manage the water resources of arid and semi-arid areas. Its primary goal is to build an effective global community through integration of selected existing materials from networks, centers, organizations, and individuals who become members of G-WADI. The network promotes international and regional cooperation in the arid and semi-arid areas.
Specific objectives include:
* Improved understanding of the special characteristics of hydrological systems and water management needs in arid areas;
* Capacity building of individuals and institutions, matching supply with need;
* Broad dissemination of understanding of water in arid zones to the user community and the public;
* Sharing data and exchanging experience to support research and sound water management;
* Raising awareness of advanced technologies for data provision, data assimilation, and system analysis;
* Promoting integrated basin management and the use of appropriate decision support tools.Contacts:
Project Status:
Under implementation
